Our Blog
Outlook Forms and Shells
Using MS Exchange and Outlook to get a foothold in an organisation, or to maintain persistence, has been a go to attack method for RedTeams lately. This attack has typically relied on using Outlook Rules to trigger the shell execution. Although Ruler makes accomplishing this really easy, it has, up until now, required a WebDAV server to host our shell/application. In most cases this is not an issue, but once…
The TRITON Won’t Protect You From Our Punches
Whilst on a Red Team assessment back in 2015, we were faced with a tough Data Leak Protection (DLP) and web content management gateway system called Forcepoint TRITON. One of the goals, besides gaining full access to the client, was to see if sensitive data could be exfiltrated from the internal network to attacker controlled servers. The first logical step was to analyse how this device functioned and identify any flaws. Forcepoint Triton, according…
Liniaal – Empire through Exchange
Getting access to an internal network is always great, keeping this access can be a whole other challenge. At times we want to fly below the radar and ensure our access doesn’t get detected or blocked by traditional network based solutions. To this end, communicating directly through an Exchange server can be very beneficial and solve both challenges. Ruler provides us with a means of getting a shell on an internal network.…
USaBUSe Linux updates
(If you’re new to this project, read the intro first) For the past few months, I’ve been working on porting the USaBUSe stack from the custom hardware (AVR+ESP8266) to the Linux USB gadget stack. I wanted to make the techniques more accessible to people unfamiliar with embedded development, and I also wanted to take advantage of the variety of possibilities inherent in having a fully featured Linux environment to work…
Pass the Hash with Ruler
We are taking Ruler and the abuse of Exchange on a road trip to Germany in March. Troopers have accepted our talk, “Ruler – Pivoting through Exchange” and we are looking forward to sharing the exciting extras that we’ve been building into Ruler, along with some secrets for using Exchange in your recon, exploitation and post-exploitation phases. https://www.troopers.de/events/troopers17/779_ruler_-_pivoting_through_exchange/ A while back I was asked (I think by @singe, but there…
Exploiting MS16-098 RGNOBJ Integer Overflow on Windows 8.1 x64 bit by abusing GDI objects
Starting from the beginning with no experience whatsoever in kernel land let alone exploiting it, I was always intrigued and fascinated by reverse engineering and exploit development. The idea was simple: find a 1-day patch with an exploitable bug but with no proof of concept exploit currently available, in order to start my reverse engineering and exploit dev journey with.Now the bug discussed here was not my initial choice: I…
XRDP: Exploiting Unauthenticated X Windows Sessions
In this blog post we are going to describe some tools we created to find and exploit unauthenticated X Windows sessions. We recently presented these at BSides Cape Town. X also known as the X Window System is currently in its 11th version, hence the name X11. X is a basic windowing system which provides a framework for drawing and moving windows on a display device as well as interaction with a mouse and…
BSides Cape Town Secret Squirrel Challenge Write-Up
Last weekend was the BSides Cape Town conference, currently ZA’s only hacker con. It’s a cool little con with big dreams that get a little closer each time. This year was a lot a fun and well put together, congrats to all of the speakers organisers and volunteers. SP gave some talks; Charl spoke about where we’re headed in a talk entitled Love Triangles in CyberSpace; a tale about trust in 5…
Rattler:Identifying and Exploiting DLL Preloading Vulnerabilities
In this blog post I am going to describe a new tool (Rattler) that I have been working on and discuss some of the interesting anomalies found while building it. Rattler can be found on our Github repo and was recently discussed at BSides Cape Town. Rattler helps identify which application DLL’s are vulnerable to DLL preloading attacks. In a nutshell, DLL preloading attacks allow you to trick applications into…
Intercepting passwords with Empire and winning!
This is my password,” said the King as he drew his sword. “The light is dawning, the lie broken. Now guard thee, miscreant, for I am Tirian of Narnia. C.S. Lewis tl;dr You are part of the red team who’s just compromised the entire AD infrastructure. The blue team quickly changes the password, which is always recommended, but is this effective in preventing the red team from still inflicting damage? This…